FAQ — Special Needs Defense
What does “special needs defense” mean?
Special needs defense refers to legal defense strategies that are tailored to defendants with mental health, developmental, or cognitive disabilities that may impact their experience and interaction within the justice system.
Can a disability affect criminal charges or sentencing?
Sometimes, cognitive disabilities or mental health challenges can require alternative justice options, such as diversion or specialty courts. Intent may also be assessed differently when supported by a medical diagnosis and a disability history, coupled with an understanding of behavior patterns.
What legal protections exist for defendants with special needs?
Competency evaluations or other expert provided evaluations may be necessary for the implementation of reasonable accommodations under the law. This may take the form of adjusted court communications and is mandated by the ADA.
What is a competency evaluation?
A competency evaluation is a psychological assessment that determines the mental ability of a defendant to work with their lawyer and understand the court process. Depending on the results, the defendant may undergo treatment to bring understanding, or the case may be thrown out entirely if found incompetent.
Can a person with special needs be found not responsible due to mental incapacity?
In some cases, defendants may be found incompetent due to diminished mental capacity or insanity. This means they’re not responsible legally for their actions, and therefore cannot be tried for an alleged crime.
What accommodations can courts provide?
The ADA requires that appropriate accommodations be made. This may come in the form of court ordered qualified interpreters, breaks, simplified explanations, or assistance to ensure a defendant may participate in the legal proceedings meaningfully.
Are there programs that divert special needs defendants from jail?
While New Jersey does not presently employ diversionary programs for defendants that suffer from mental health disabilities, the State is currently exploring and testing such programs in certain jurisdictions.
How do I know if my loved one needs a special needs defense attorney?
Bottom Line: If your loved one has special needs, you need a lawyer who understands. Key indicators include impaired communication, prior diagnoses of conditions, or behavior that may be misinterpreted by law enforcement.
How do you work with mental health professionals?
The Rosenberg | Perry & Associates team works closely with psychologists and psychiatrists to evaluate clients for special needs, understand necessary mitigations, and provide the best defense possible.
What should I do first if someone with special needs is arrested or charged?
The first step is to contact a qualified defense attorney like Rosenberg | Perry & Associates to preserve their rights, request accommodations, and develop a strategy.


